About the author. Yvonne Ou, MD. Full bio. Help find a cure. Donate Now. Stay in touch. Receive Glaucoma research updates and inspiring stories. First Name. Last Name. Enter your email address:. More Information Eye vitamins: Can they prevent or treat glaucoma? Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references What is glaucoma? American Academy of Ophthalmology. Accessed Sept. Facts about glaucoma. National Eye Institute. What is glaucoma? Glaucoma Research Foundation.
American Optometric Association. Overview of glaucoma. Merck Manual Professional Version. Ferri FF. Glaucoma, open angle. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor Elsevier; Glaucoma adult. Mayo Clinic; Alternative medicine. Develop and improve products.
List of Partners vendors. Eye pressure, also known as intraocular pressure IOP , is the fluid pressure inside the eye. Used as a measurement for diagnosing eye disease, periodic measurement of your IOP is essential for your eye health. For example, ocular hypertension increased IOP is a clinical indicator of glaucoma with the goal of treatment to lower the pressure. Intraocular pressure IOP , is measurement of the fluid pressure inside the eye that can help diagnosis current eye disorders and give you insight into your eye health.
Pressure from aqueous humor fluid drains from the eye and new fluid replaces it as needed. It creates a homeostatic balance that regulates eye pressure. IOP is not a fixed number but fluctuates in a person but also from person to person. It is impossible to compare your IOP to someone else. Undergoing routine eye exams is crucial to your eye health.
This includes a full examination including tonometry , the diagnostic test for measuring IOP. Some individual fluctuations are normal but also can be a sign of worsening progressive eye disease.
Abnormal intraocular eye pressure can be indicative of a serious eye problem. Ocular hypertension increased IOP can be a warning sign of progressive glaucoma and possibly blindness. A decrease in IOP can be an indicator for the progressive detachment of the retina and choroid. Eye pressure is generally measured during routine or emergency eye exams; however, it is also done after trauma to the eyes in an emergency room or primary care doctor's office.
The most common type of tonometry test is called the Goldmann applanation tonometry test. Long considered the gold standard of ocular pressure tests it involves the use of a flat-tipped probe that is gently pressed against the surface of your eye.
Other non-contact methods include Tono-Pen and iCare tonometer. Considered less accurate, these diagnostic tests use air pressure that is applied to your eye using an instrument that slightly flattens the cornea. Interestingly, there is no single correct eye pressure as each individual's eye pressure is different. For this reason, the range for healthy eye pressure is 10 and 21 mmHg. The Diaton is a pen-like device with a stainless steel tip that allows the user to touch the lid in the area above the corneal margin, at the sclera.
Glaucoma is a group of chronically progressive eye diseases that can cause vision loss and blindness by damaging a nerve in the back of your eye called the optic nerve. No matter which tool an ophthalmologist uses, the important thing is that they measure eye pressure. Our eyes are filled mostly with a fluid called vitreous humor.
Toward the front of the eye, just behind the cornea, there is another fluid called aqueous humor. Aqueous humor drains from the eye as equal amounts of new aqueous humor refill that space. In healthy eyes with normal intraocular eye pressure IOP , aqueous humor drainage and refill remain equal and constant. Normal eye pressure would measure between 12 and 21 mmHg millimeters of mercury.
Pressure above 21 mmHg could cause damage to the optic nerve, leading to irreversible vision loss. When too much aqueous humor is produced, intraocular eye pressure increases. This pressure can also increase when aqueous humor fails to drain correctly.
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